Welcome to Waka Ama!

Waka Ama is an exciting and rewarding sport, combining teamwork, fitness, and a strong connection to the water. This guide is designed to support new paddlers as they begin their journey, offering practical information, safety advice, and tips for making the most of your induction and introduction to the sport.

The Waka

Waka ama (outrigger canoeing) uses several different canoe types, each designed for a specific style of paddling and number of paddlers. The most common are the W6, W2, and W1.

  • W6 (6‑person waka): This is the traditional 6 team cwaka. The steering is done by the steerer (seat 6) using spcific steering strokes to control direction.

  • W2 (2‑person waka): Often called a “double,” the W2 is a 2 person waka and is typically equipped with a rudder, which is controlled by foot pedals inside the canoe. 

  • W1 (1‑person waka): The W1 is a single paddler waka. Like the W6, the W1 does not use a rudder, so the paddler must steer using paddle strokes.

Waka are typically built from composite materials, with fibreglass being the primary material used in most standard club and racing canoes. These composites often combine fibreglass with other materials such as carbon fibre, kevlar, and foam cores to create a hull that is lightweight, strong, and durable.

The Bungs

Bungs on a waka are small plugs used to seal the drainage holes in the hull. Not all waka need bungs, but for those that do, its a simple but essential pieces of equipment that help keep the waka safe, buoyant, and performing properly.

The Paddle

In waka ama, there are two main types of paddles used by the crew: the general paddle and the steering paddle. Each serves a different purpose within the waka and is designed to suit the role of the paddler.

This is the standard paddle used by most of the crew. It is designed for forward propulsion, allowing paddlers to maintain rhythm, power, and endurance throughout the race or training session.

The steering paddle is used exclusively by the person steering the waka (usually Seat 6 in a W6). As shown in the examples, the steering blade is slightly longer, wider, and often more robust than a standard paddle. These features give the steerer greater control when performing steering strokes such as draws, pries, and bracing, especially in rough or changing conditions.

Paddle shafts come in two main styles, each offering a different feel and paddling experience:

Straight shaft: Traditional and simple in design and offers a direct, predictable stroke.

Bent Shaft:  Includes a bend at the blade end and neat the top of the paddle. 

Depending on the design, a paddle may be made from wood, carbon fibre, or a combination of the two.

Choosing between straight type and build make-up is mostly about personal comfort and paddling style, rather than performance alone.

Personal Flotation Devices (PFDs)

A PFD (Personal Flotation Device) is safety equipment worn to help keep a paddler afloat in the water. In waka ama, PFDs are essential for safety, especially in open water, cold conditions, or when required by race rules or club policies.

PFDs come in different styles, each offering varying levels of buoyancy, comfort, and mobility.

  • Foam PFD (Standard Buoyancy Vest): The most common type used in waka ama. Made from lightweight foam panels that provide constant buoyancy. Reliable, low‑maintenance, and always “on.” 
  • Inflatable PFD (Manual or Automatic) Uses a CO₂ canister to inflate the vest when activated. Activation is either Manual: The paddler pulls a cord to inflate or Automatic: Inflates when submerged in water. Lightweight and comfortable, but requires regular checks and cartridge replacement.
  • Choosing the Right PFD When selecting a PFD for waka ama, paddlers usually consider: Comfort: Should allow full range of motion for paddling. Fit: Snug but not restrictive Buoyancy rating: Must meet local safety standards. Environment: Open ocean paddling may require higher buoyancy or more secure designs.


What to wear

The right clothing keeps paddlers comfortable, safe, and able to perform well in changing conditions. Paddling involves exposure to sun, wind, and water — so clothing must manage temperature, dry quickly, and allow freedom of movement.

In warm weather, the goal is to stay cool and protect from the sun. Sun exposure and heat can cause fatigue and dehydration. Quick‑dry fabrics prevent chafing and keep you comfortable, while sun protection reduces the risk of burns and glare.

In cooler conditions, the goal is to stay warm and prevent wind chill. Cold water and wind can quickly lower body temperature. Thermal and windproof layers help maintain warmth without restricting movement, keeping paddlers safe and focused.

What to bring

  • Towel and warm change of clothes
  • Drink bottle
  • PFD (if you have one; the club has spares)
  • Sun protection (hat, sunscreen, sunglasses)
  • Optional: water‑friendly footwear

What's expected of You

  • Arrive on time and ready to paddle
  • Listen to coaches, steerers, and safety leads
  • Respect the waka, paddles, and all club equipment
  • Communicate clearly — especially if unsure or uncomfortable
  • Give your best effort, regardless of fitness level
  • Support your crew and contribute to teamwork
  • Help carry, launch, and return the waka
  • Follow all safety procedures, including PFD requirements
  • Respect club rules and local waterway regulations.

What you can expect from the Club​​​

  • A safe training environment
  • Experienced coaches and experienced paddlers to guide you
  • Access to club waka and equipment
  • A welcoming, inclusive culture
  • Opportunities to progress into W6 crews, W1 development, social paddling, and racing
  • Support with technique, fitness, confidence, and water safety
  • A strong sense of community and connection (whanaungatanga)